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Monday, July 26, 2021

The cult of the Earth Goddess among the Magar of Nepal

 This article is excerpts of a book written by "Marie Lecomte-Tilouine"


"The military conquest of the Magarant, the Magar land, took place during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, when the Thakuri petty kings and their dependents (priests, artisans, soldiers) fled India to settle there. The Magar resistance appears to have been weak, due to their lack of unity and alliances the conquerors formed with some of them. The Magar people quickly opted  for assimilation into the royal caste of the Thakuri, adopting most of their cultural traits, notably their language and religion. Nevertheless they retained or developed particularisms in their relationship to the earth, as we can see in the rites they devote to Bhume. 


We should emphasize first  and foremost that the name Bhume is itself Nepalese, derived from sanskrit bhu, bumi. This goddess is neglected by the Hindi of high caste, whereas she is central to the Magar. This paradox has two possible sources: the Magar might have identified one of their principal goddess with a minor Hindi deity by virtue of a common relation to the earth, conferring an unusual importance on the latter. Or they might have constructed a divine being on the basis of Hindu concepts, as a result of the new-found need to defend their rights to the earth in the face of Hindu invaders. The second hypothesis seems more likely, since there is no trace of Magar earth goddess before Bhume. Even in the regions where Magar retained the use of their original language (such as in Palpa, Syangja, or in the Kham country) and where, consequently, some of the goddess have Magar names, the earth goddess is called by Nepalese terms, such as, Bhume, Bhuyar or Bhayar. Furthermore, even if the Magar themselves once had an earth goddess of their own, the renaming of this deity would indicate a change of identity, given the importance of a divinity's name."        


This excerpts is taken from a page, but this one page says lot of things regarding Magar and their faiths.